I Now Need to Take an RMD — How Does It Affect My Social Security or Pension Income?
Reaching the age when Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) begin is an important retirement milestone. For many retirees, the first question is not simply, “How much do I have to withdraw?” but rather, “How will this additional income affect my Social Security, pension, and taxes?”
The good news is that an RMD generally does not reduce the amount of Social Security or pension benefits you receive. However, an RMD can increase your taxable income and may cause a larger portion of your Social Security benefits to become taxable.
Understanding how these sources of retirement income interact can help you avoid surprises at tax time.
What Is an RMD?
A Required Minimum Distribution is the minimum amount you generally must withdraw each year from certain tax-deferred retirement accounts, including traditional IRAs, SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, and many employer-sponsored retirement plans.
Under current rules, most individuals generally begin RMDs at age 73. The first RMD is for the year you reach age 73, although you generally have until April 1 of the following year to take that first distribution. After that, annual RMDs are generally due by December 31.
RMDs are generally taxable as ordinary income unless the distribution includes amounts that are not taxable, such as certain previously taxed basis.
Will My RMD Reduce My Social Security Check?
Generally, no.
An RMD does not reduce your Social Security retirement benefit simply because you took money from your IRA or other retirement account.
The Social Security Administration explains that pension payments, annuities, and interest or dividends from savings and investments are not considered earnings for purposes of determining Social Security benefits. IRA withdrawals likewise do not reduce your Social Security retirement benefit.
However, there is an important distinction:
Your RMD generally will not reduce your Social Security benefit, but it may cause more of your Social Security benefit to be subject to federal income tax.
That distinction is extremely important for retirees.
How Can an RMD Affect the Taxation of Social Security?
The IRS uses a special calculation to determine whether part of your Social Security benefits are taxable.
For this calculation, your “combined income” generally includes:
Adjusted Gross Income (AGI)
+ Tax-exempt interest
+ One-half of your Social Security benefits
The current base amounts are generally:
- $25,000 for single filers
- $32,000 for married couples filing jointly
- $0 for married individuals filing separately who lived with their spouse at any time during the year
Depending on your income, up to 85% of your Social Security benefits may be taxable for federal income tax purposes.
An RMD increases your income and therefore can affect this calculation.
Example: RMD and Social Security
Suppose Mary is retired and receives:
- Social Security: $30,000
- Pension: $20,000
- RMD: $25,000
- Other taxable income: $5,000
The $25,000 RMD does not cause Social Security to stop or reduce Mary’s monthly benefit.
However, the RMD increases Mary’s income. As a result, more of her Social Security benefits may become taxable.
This is why retirees should think about their overall tax picture, rather than looking at their RMD in isolation.
What About Pension Income?
Your pension and RMD are generally separate sources of retirement income.
An RMD generally does not reduce a private pension payment. If your pension provides a monthly benefit of $2,000, for example, taking an RMD does not normally cause the pension company to reduce that payment.
However, pension income is generally included in the tax calculation to the extent it is taxable. The IRS notes that pension and annuity payments may be fully or partially taxable depending on factors such as whether you have after-tax investment in the contract.
Therefore, you could have several sources of taxable income during retirement:
- Social Security benefits
- Pension income
- RMDs
- IRA or retirement-plan distributions
- Interest
- Dividends
- Capital gains
- Other taxable income
The combination of these sources determines your overall tax situation.
Example: Retiree With Social Security, Pension and an RMD
Consider John, who is 74 and receives:
- Social Security: $28,000
- Pension: $24,000
- RMD: $30,000
- Interest and dividends: $5,000
John does not lose any of his Social Security or pension because he takes the $30,000 RMD.
Instead, the RMD adds $30,000 to his taxable-income picture and may cause a larger percentage of his Social Security benefits to be taxable.
This can result in a higher federal tax bill than John experienced before his RMDs began.
An RMD May Also Affect Medicare Costs
Another consideration is that higher income can potentially affect Medicare-related premiums.
Medicare uses modified adjusted gross income from two years earlier when determining whether higher-income beneficiaries pay an Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA) for Medicare Part B and prescription drug coverage.
Because RMDs can increase income, a large distribution can potentially affect future Medicare premiums.
This is one reason it can be valuable to plan for RMDs before they become mandatory.
Should I Take My First RMD Early?
Not necessarily. The answer depends on your individual circumstances.
Although you generally have until April 1 of the year after turning 73 to take your first RMD, waiting can result in two RMDs being taxable in the same calendar year.
For example, suppose you turn 73 in 2026.
You could take your 2026 RMD during 2026.
Or, you could generally wait until April 1, 2027, to take that first RMD.
If you wait, you will also have a 2027 RMD due by December 31, 2027.
That could mean two RMDs in 2027.
For some taxpayers, taking the first RMD during the year they turn 73 may produce a more manageable tax result.
What If I Don’t Need the Money?
This is a common concern among retirees.
You may have enough Social Security, pension income, and other resources to cover your living expenses. Nevertheless, if you are required to take an RMD, you generally must take the distribution even if you do not need the money.
You can then decide how to use the funds.
Some retirees:
- Use the money for living expenses.
- Put the money into a taxable investment account.
- Use it for travel or major purchases.
- Give some or all of the qualifying distribution to charity.
- Use a Qualified Charitable Distribution (QCD) when eligible.
A QCD can be particularly useful for eligible IRA owners who are charitably inclined because a qualifying distribution made directly to an eligible charity can count toward the RMD requirement while receiving special tax treatment. The rules and annual limits should be reviewed carefully before making a QCD.
Can I Have Taxes Withheld From My RMD?
Yes.
When you take an RMD, you can generally elect to have federal income tax withheld from the distribution.
For example, if your RMD is $20,000 and you elect federal withholding, you would receive less than $20,000 in cash, with the withheld amount sent toward your federal tax liability.
You may also be able to adjust withholding from your Social Security benefits. The Social Security Administration allows beneficiaries to request federal income tax withholding from their monthly Social Security payments.
Coordinating withholding between your RMD, pension, and Social Security can help prevent an unexpected tax bill.
A Better Way to Look at Retirement Income
Rather than thinking about your RMD, Social Security, and pension as three separate issues, consider looking at them as pieces of one overall retirement income plan.
For example:
Social Security
Provides guaranteed monthly retirement income.
Pension
May provide another predictable source of monthly income.
RMD
Requires distributions from certain retirement accounts beginning at the applicable age.
Tax Planning
Determines how these sources interact and how much of your income ultimately goes toward federal and potentially state taxes.
The goal is not necessarily to minimize every dollar of taxable income. The goal is to create a retirement income strategy that provides the cash you need while managing taxes and voiding unnecessary penalties.
What Should I Do Before Taking My First RMD?
If you are approaching your RMD starting age, consider reviewing:
- Your traditional IRA and retirement-plan balances.
- The date your first RMD is required.
- Your estimated RMD amount.
- Your Social Security income.
- Your pension income.
- Other taxable income.
- Your current tax bracket.
- Potential Medicare IRMAA consequences.
- Federal and state tax withholding.
- Whether a Qualified Charitable Distribution may make sense.
- Whether taking your first RMD earlier rather than delaying it would be beneficial.
The Bottom Line
Taking an RMD generally will not reduce your Social Security or pension payments. The bigger concern is the potential tax impact.
Because RMDs increase taxable income, they can cause more of your Social Security benefits to become taxable and may affect other tax-related items, including Medicare premiums.
For retirees receiving Social Security, pension income, and RMDs, planning ahead can make a significant difference. A well designed retirement tax strategy can help you determine when to take distributions, how much to withhold, and how your different sources of retirement income work together.
If you are taking your first RMD this year, don’t wait until December to start planning. Reviewing your expected income early in the year can give you more options and help prevent an unexpected tax bill.
Important: This article is for general educational purposes and is not individualized tax, legal, or financial advice. RMD, Social Security, pension, and Medicare rules can be complex and may change. Your individual tax treatment depends on your filing status, retirement accounts, income, and other circumstances. Consult a qualified tax professional or financial adviser regarding your specific situation.
We here at AIM Financial, can assist you with any distribution and social security questions you may have. We have over 75 years of combined experience in this area and happy to assist you with all of your tax planning and retirement needs.
Sources: IRS and Social Security Administration guidance.



